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本文观察65例有黄斑病变的糖尿病患者。全部患者均作眼科常规检查,详细检查眼底,除8只眼不能窥见眼底外,其余122眼均作彩色眼底照像和眼底血管荧光造影。属单纯型者40眼,占32.80%,增殖型82眼,占67.20%。按Sigelmen’s分期法,糖尿病性黄斑病变Ⅰ期17眼,占13.93%,Ⅱ期41眼,占33.60%,Ⅲ期40眼,占32.80%,Ⅳ期24眼,占19.67%。本组病例视力≥0.3者66眼,占54.00%,<0.3者56眼,占46.00%,<0.05者22眼,占18.00%。近半数患者为低视力和盲目,这些患者主要血糖控制不佳,病程较长,患者来诊时均属较晚期。故此作者认为眼科医师和内科医师有责任对糖尿病患者作有效的指导,以便避免严重的糖尿病视网膜病变和其他并发症的发生。本文还讨论了发病机理和治疗方法。
This article observed 65 cases of diabetic patients with macular degeneration. All patients were routine ophthalmic examination, a detailed examination of the fundus, with the exception of 8 eyes can not see the fundus, the other 122 were made for fundus photography and fundus fluorescein angiography. Is a simple type of 40 eyes, accounting for 32.80%, 82 proliferative eyes, accounting for 67.20%. According to Sigelmen’s staging method, 17 eyes of stage Ⅰ diabetic maculopathy, accounting for 13.93%, stage Ⅱ 41 eyes, accounting for 33.60%, stage Ⅲ 40 eyes, accounting for 32.80%, stage Ⅳ 24 eyes, accounting for 19.67%. The group of patients with visual acuity≥0.3 66 eyes, accounting for 54.00%, <0.3 in 56 eyes, accounting for 46.00%, <0.05 in 22 eyes, accounting for 18.00%. Nearly half of patients with low vision and blindness, these patients mainly poor glycemic control, longer duration, patients are less advanced treatment. Therefore, the author believes that ophthalmologists and physicians have the responsibility to provide effective guidance to patients with diabetes in order to avoid serious diabetic retinopathy and other complications. This article also discusses the pathogenesis and treatment.