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目的了解住院患者感染多重耐药菌种类分布及其发展趋势,为建立有效预防对策提供科学依据。方法通过回顾性调查方法,对某医院住院患者送检病原学标本分离多重耐药菌检测结果进行调查与分析。结果该医院2012-2014年从住院患者送检的标本中共检出病原菌5 814株,其中多重耐药菌519株,多重耐药菌检出率为10.01%;各年度检出率依次为5.93%、10.94%和12.25%,呈现逐年增加趋势。检出的多重耐药菌中,居前5位的依次是鲍曼不动杆菌、大肠埃希菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、屎肠球菌和肺炎克雷伯菌。多重耐药菌感染患者主要分布在重症监护病房、神经外科和骨科等。结论该医院临床送检病原学标本中多重耐药菌分离率逐年增加,有效控制多重耐药菌感染蔓延已经成为医院感染管理重中之重,严格管理和科学使用抗菌药物应为首要措施。
Objective To understand the distribution of multi-drug resistant bacteria in hospitalized patients and its development trend, and to provide a scientific basis for establishing effective preventive measures. Methods The retrospective investigation method was used to investigate and analyze the detection results of multidrug-resistant bacteria isolated from etiological specimens of hospitalized patients in a hospital. Results A total of 5 814 pathogens were detected in inpatients from 2012 to 2014, of which 519 were multi-drug resistant strains. The detection rate of multidrug-resistant bacteria was 10.01%. The detection rates were 5.93% , 10.94% and 12.25%, showing an increasing trend year by year. Among the multidrug-resistant strains detected, the top 5 were Acinetobacter baumannii, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecium and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Patients with multiple drug-resistant infections are mainly found in intensive care units, neurosurgery and orthopedics. Conclusion The separation rate of multidrug-resistant bacteria in clinical specimens of etiological diagnosis increased year by year. Effective control of the spread of multi-drug resistant bacteria infection has become the most important management of nosocomial infections. Strict management and scientific use of antimicrobial agents should be the primary measures.