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“世界文学”是马克思主义文艺理论的主要理念之一。马克思和恩格斯从历史唯物主义的角度最先揭示了“世界文学”形成的历史条件和经济基础并对其内涵做出了科学的系统的阐释。马克思主义的“世界文学”理念预言了全人类文学未来发展的总体态势,描述了一种跨民族、跨文化、跨地域和跨语言的整体观文学语境及文学形态的必然诞生。马克思主义经典作家在世界文学的语境中建构现实主义文学理论,并对世界社会主义文学的建立与发展指明了必由之路。
“World Literature ” is one of the main concepts of Marxist theory of literature and art. From the perspective of historical materialism, Marx and Engels firstly revealed the historical conditions and economic basis for the formation of “World Literature” and made a scientific and systematic explanation of its connotation. The Marxist concept of “world literature” predicts the general trend of the future development of all humanity literature and describes the inevitable birth of an overall outlook of literary contexts and literary forms that cross national, intercultural, trans-regional and inter-lingual levels. The classical Marxist writers construct realistic literary theory in the context of world literature and point out the necessary way for the establishment and development of world socialist literature.