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根据辩证唯物主义观点,整体与局部属于系统与要素范畴,是一对辩证的统一体。它们既是对立的,又是统一的。整体是指事物的全体或事物发展变化的全过程,而局部则是指构成事物整体的各个部分及其发展过程的各个阶段。整体是由若干个相互作用的局部构成的,没有局部也就无所谓整体;局部是整体的一个部分或一个发展阶段,离开了整体就谈不上局部。整体的特性是由各个局部及其它们的相互作用方式决定的,局部总会以一定的形式或在一定的程度上反映着整体的性质。整体与局部的意义是相对的,它们在一定的条件下会相互转变,一个在较小系统中的整体可以
According to the dialectical materialist view, the whole and the part belong to the category of systems and elements and are a pair of dialectical unity. They are both antagonistic and unitary. The whole refers to the whole process of development or change of things or the whole thing, while the part refers to the various parts of the whole thing and the stages of its development process. The whole is composed of a number of interacting parts. No part does not matter as a whole; a part is an integral part of a whole or a stage of development. Without leaving the whole, there is no locality. The overall characteristics are determined by the various localities and their interactions, and the locality always reflects the overall nature in a certain form or to a certain extent. The overall and local meanings are relative. They will change with each other under certain conditions. An entire system in a smaller system can