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阐述了海洋地球物理导航和水下声学导航等水下定位的技术方法,着重探讨了水声定位在深拖系统定位中的应用.分别简述了3种传统的声学定位系统的优缺点,并详尽介绍了超短基线定位系统,分别举例说明市场上典型产品的性能及应用情况,指出了在水下拖体导航中有待解决的关键技术问题及其发展方向,重点介绍了当前水下拖体定位技术发展的新方向,认为组合式声学导航和融合导航将成为未来的研究热点.“,”Based on the review of the methods for geophysical investigation and acoustic navigation,we discussed the applications of acoustic positioning system to deep tow system in this paper.The advantages and disadvantages of three traditional acoustic positioning systems,especially the USBL system,are summarized respectively.Some typical products of USBL are listed and main features and their performance and application introduced.Through the discussion of the key technical problems,we proposed in this paper that the combined acoustic navigation and integrated navigation will become a research hotspot in the future.