[目的]探讨辅助化疗对行宫颈癌根治术患者改善预后的作用。[方法]对1997年2月至1999年6月间在中山大学肿瘤医院妇科行宫颈癌根治术的123例患者进行回顾性对照分析 ,比较单纯手术组、手术 +化疗组、手术 +放疗组、手术 +放疗 +化疗组的3年生存情况。[结果]单纯手术组与手术 +化疗组的中位生存时间分别为34 +个月、37 +个月 ,3年生存率分别为93.9%、95.5%(P均>0.05)。手术 +放疗组与手术 +放疗 +化疗组的中位生存时间分别为24 +个月、33 +个月 ,3年生存率分别为93.2%、94.8%(P均>0.05)。单纯手术组与手术 +化疗组的3年复发率分别为7.9%、6.2%(P>0.05) ,手术 +放疗组与手术 +放疗 +化疗组的3年复发率分别为22.2%和23.1 %(P>0.05)。[结论]目前的辅助化疗对行宫颈癌根治术患者改善预后的作用尚不确定 ,有待更多资料加以探讨 [Objective] To investigate the effect of adjuvant chemotherapy on the prognosis of cervical cancer patients undergoing radical operation. [Methods] A retrospective and comparative analysis of 123 patients with cervical cancer undergone gynecological surgery at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Hospital from February 1997 to June 1999 was performed. The patients in operation group, operation + chemotherapy group, operation + radiotherapy group, Surgery + radiotherapy + chemotherapy group 3-year survival. [Results] The median survival time was 34 months, 37 months and 3 years respectively. The 3-year survival rates were 93.9% and 95.5% respectively (all P> 0.05). The median survival time of operation + radiotherapy group and operation + radiotherapy + chemotherapy group were 24 months, 33 months and 3 years respectively, and the 3-year survival rates were 93.2% and 94.8% respectively (all P> 0.05). The 3-year recurrence rates of surgery alone group and surgery plus chemotherapy group were 7.9% and 6.2%, respectively (P> 0.05). The 3-year recurrence rates of surgery + radiotherapy group and surgery plus radiotherapy plus chemotherapy group were 22.2% and 23.1% P> 0.05). [Conclusions] The role of current adjuvant chemotherapy in improving the prognosis of patients undergoing cervical cancer radical surgery is uncertain, and more data to be explored