“五四”运动前后,一些激进知识分子对中国人口素质相对低下的状况及其原因进行了分析;本着改良社会、强壮种族的愿望,他们向民众介绍西方的优生学理论,认为优生是重要的方面,优育是不能忽视的另一方面。为了推广优生学知识,达到优生优育的目的,他们认为人们应该了解男女两性的生理特点,了解生命孕育的过程,了解性的卫生等知识。因此,他们特别提出开展科学的性教育以及普及性知识的问题。“五四”运动前后优生学的传播对于人们的观念进步和中国的社会变迁产生了积极的影响。 Before and after May Fourth Movement, some radical intellectuals analyzed the situation of the relatively low population quality in China and its causes. In line with the aspiration to improve society and build strong ethnic groups, they introduced western eugenics theory to the public and thought that eugenics Is an important aspect of fertility is another aspect that can not be ignored. In order to promote the eugenics knowledge, to achieve the purpose of prenatal and postnatal care, they think that people should understand the physiological characteristics of both men and women, understand the process of birth, understanding of health and other knowledge. Therefore, they specifically put forward the issue of carrying out scientific sex education and popularizing knowledge. The spread of eugenics before and after the May Fourth Movement had a positive impact on the progress of people’s minds and the social changes in China.