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目的调查影响本地区无偿献血者血液风险因素的分布,提出预防性措施。方法选取本中心2008年1月～2011年4月参加无偿献血,检测HBsAg/抗-HCV阳性者182例和阴性对照者170例,共352例,根据不同人群分别选取不同的问卷调查方式进行病毒危险因素问卷调查。结果 HBsAg阳性人群中农民组占比例较高,高中以下文化程度组占比例较高;抗-HCV阳性人群中高中以下文化程度组占比例较高;HBsAg阳性感染因素与门诊手术、多个性伴侣、输血史密切相关;抗-HCV感染因素与针灸治疗、静脉注射、门诊手术、外科手术、美容手术、牙科手术、纹身、耳洞、多个性伴侣、输血史均密切相关。结论严格选择输血适应症是降低输血风险率的首选方案,改进检测方法、检测手段是确保血液质量的重要措施,选择低危献血人群是保证血液质量安全的关键点。
Objective To investigate the distribution of blood risk factors influencing unpaid blood donors in this area and propose preventive measures. Methods The center from January 2008 to April 2011 to participate in voluntary blood donation, detection of HBsAg / anti-HCV positive 182 cases and negative control in 170 cases, a total of 352 cases, according to different populations were selected different questionnaires for the virus Questionnaire of risk factors. Results The percentage of peasant group in HBsAg positive population was higher, and the proportion of students with higher education level was higher than those in HBsAg positive population. The proportion of HBsAg-positive infection group was higher in out-of-school education group than in out-patient group, Blood transfusion history is closely related to anti-HCV infection and acupuncture treatment, intravenous injection, outpatient surgery, surgery, cosmetic surgery, dental surgery, tattooing, ear hole, multiple sexual partners, blood transfusion history are closely related. Conclusions Strict selection of indications for transfusion is the first choice to reduce the risk of blood transfusion. Improving detection methods and testing methods are important measures to ensure blood quality. Choosing low-risk blood donors is the key point to ensure blood quality and safety.