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通过采集和分析1 496个巴东县野三关基地单元基本烟田土壤样品,综合评价其主要养分丰缺状况,并提出合理的施肥建议。结果表明,野三关基地单元土壤pH适宜优质烟叶生产的样品比例为54.88%,92.45%样品有机质含量在优质烟叶生产适宜标准或以上;该烟区土壤全氮、全磷和全钾含量均较适宜于优质烟叶生产,而且8.14%样品的土壤全氮、4.65%样品的全钾和近44.00%样品的土壤全磷含量高于标准;该基地单元69.85%的土壤样品碱解氮较适宜,57.95%的土壤样品速效磷含量适宜,但仍有近36.00%的土壤样品速效磷含量偏低或缺乏,59.23%土壤样品速效钾较适宜,但仍有近21.00%土壤速效钾含量偏低。针对野三关烟区植烟土壤养分状况,提出“控氮、增磷、补钾”的施肥策略,同时可以通过翻压绿肥等措施来降低土壤对磷的吸附固定作用,提高磷肥的利用率,并施用生石灰等可以调节土壤的pH至适宜范围。
By collecting and analyzing soil samples from 1 496 basic tobacco fields of Yesansuan base in Badong County, the main nutrient deficiencies and deficiencies were comprehensively evaluated and reasonable fertilization recommendations were put forward. The results showed that the proportion of soil pH suitable for producing high quality tobacco leaves was 54.88% in Yeosanguan base unit, and the content of organic matter in 92.45% of the samples was suitable for producing high quality tobacco leaves. The content of total nitrogen, total phosphorus and total potassium in soil was Which is suitable for the production of high quality tobacco. Total soil total nitrogen, total potassium of 4.65% sample and soil total phosphorus content of nearly 44.00% sample of 8.14% sample are higher than the standard; 69.85% of soil samples in this base unit are more suitable for hydrolyzing nitrogen, 57.95 % Soil samples available phosphorus content is appropriate, but there is still nearly 36.00% of soil samples available phosphorus content is low or lacking, 59.23% soil samples available potassium is more suitable, but there are still nearly 21.00% soil available potassium content is low. Aiming at the nutrient status of tobacco planting in Yesanzigou tobacco field, the fertilization strategy of “controlling nitrogen, increasing phosphorus and potassium” was put forward. At the same time, fertilizing strategies such as green manure could be used to reduce the adsorption and fixation of phosphorus, Utilization, and the application of quicklime can adjust the soil pH to a suitable range.