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以江西超级晚籼稻代表品种淦鑫688和五丰优T025为试材,汕优46为对照,分析主穗穗部和剑叶性状特征。结果表明,淦鑫688和五丰优T025一、二次枝梗数、每穗粒数和旗叶宽均显著或极显著地高于汕优46,而千粒质量、剑叶长和叶面积均极显著低于对照。说明超级稻淦鑫688和五丰优T025较对照有明显的主穗枝梗数优势,换言之,枝梗数和穗粒数的提高是两晚稻超级稻增产的主要途径。相关分析表明一次枝梗数与二次枝梗数呈显著正相关;枝梗数与剑叶长、剑叶面积负相关;剑叶宽与剑叶长、剑叶面积和有效穗数负相关,与枝梗数正相关。说明枝梗数与剑叶长、剑叶面积之间存在矛盾,而这种矛盾可以通过剑叶宽来改善。
In this study, Ganxin 688 and Wufengyou T025, the super late indica rice varieties in Jiangxi Province, were used as materials and Shanyou 46 as control. The results showed that the number of primary and secondary branches of Ganxin 688 and Wufengyou T025, the number of grains per spike and the flag leaf width were significantly or extremely significantly higher than those of Shanyou 46, but the grain weight, flag leaf length and leaf area Extremely significantly lower than the control. The results showed that super rice Ganxin 688 and Wufengyou T025 had obvious advantages of main spikelets. In other words, the increase of branch number and grain number was the main way to increase yield of two-late rice super hybrid rice. Correlation analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation between the number of primary branches and the number of secondary branches. The number of branches was negatively correlated with the length of flag leaves and the area of flag leaves. The width of flag leaves was negatively correlated with the length of flag leaves, Positive correlation. Explain the number of branch stalks and the length of the flag leaf, there is a contradiction between the area of the flag leaf, and this contradiction can be improved by the width of the flag leaf.