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过去常用的几类抗高血压药虽然各有其特点,但有的由于疗效不佳,有的则由于具有较严重的毒副作用,从而限制了它们的使用范围。过去临床使用的抗高血压药约可分为下述四类: 1.中枢性降压药,如可乐宁、甲基多巴等。2.作用于神经节的降压药,如美加明等。3.作用于肾上腺素能神经末梢的降压药,如利血平、胍乙啶、优降宁等。4.作用于血管平滑肌的降压药,如肼苯哒嗪、地巴唑等。从近年国内外发展来看,比较引人注目的是下述五类较新的抗高血压药:
Although several types of antihypertensive drugs used in the past have their own characteristics, some of them have poor curative effect and others have more serious side effects and thus limit their scope of use. In the past clinical use of antihypertensive drugs can be divided into the following four categories: 1. Central antihypertensive drugs, such as clonidine, methyldopa and so on. 2. The role of antihypertensive drugs ganglion, such as the United States and Canada and so on. 3. Role in adrenergic nerve endings of antihypertensive drugs, such as reserpine, guanethidine, gonadotropin and so on. 4. Role in vascular smooth muscle antihypertensive drugs, such as hydralazine, to methimazole and so on. Judging from the recent developments at home and abroad, the more striking are the following five newer types of antihypertensives: