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目的分析长春市首例人感染H7N9禽流感确诊病例流行病学特征,为防控提供科学依据。方法对确诊病例进行现场流行病学调查并进行实验室检测,描述病例的流行病学特征、实验室检测结果,追踪可能的感染来源。结果该病例发病前无活禽交易市场暴露史;密切接触者中无续发病例。病例自有养鸡场外环境标本中检出H7N9禽流感病毒,但病例曾购买禽类的本地销售商的饲养环境和运输工具均未检测出H7N9禽流感病毒。长春市报告病例标本的流感血凝素基因(H)和神经氨酸酶基因(N)与此前安徽省发现的H7N9流感病毒高度同源。结论接触感染H7N9禽流感病毒的禽类和暴露于出现H7N9禽流感病毒的外环境是人感染H7N9禽流感的危险因素。病毒传入途径尚不明确,该研究尚不能证实H7N9禽流感病毒可引起人与人之间传播。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of the first human case of H7N9 avian influenza in Changchun and provide a scientific basis for prevention and control. Methods An epidemiological investigation of the confirmed cases was conducted in the laboratory and laboratory tests were conducted to describe the epidemiological characteristics of the cases and the laboratory test results and to trace possible sources of infection. Results There was no history of live poultry market exposure before the onset of the case; no recurrence was found in close contacts. The H7N9 bird flu virus was detected in environmental specimens outside its own chicken farms. However, no H7N9 bird flu virus was detected in the breeding grounds and means of transport of local vendors who had purchased poultry in the cases. The influenza hemagglutinin gene (H) and neuraminidase gene (N) of the reported specimens from Changchun City are highly homologous to the H7N9 influenza virus previously found in Anhui Province. Conclusions Exposure to birds infected with the H7N9 bird flu virus and exposure to the external environment in which the H7N9 bird flu virus appears is a risk factor for human infection with H7N9 bird flu. The pathways of virus transmission are not yet clear. The study still can not confirm that the H7N9 bird flu virus can cause human-to-human transmission.