根据土壤因子是毒害还是缺乏为主 ,可以将水稻生长的不良土壤环境分为两大类。不良土壤类型不同 ,其主要障碍因子存在明显差异 ,改造和利用不良土壤环境的策略也大相径庭。从培育耐不良土壤因子胁迫品种 ,挖掘不良土壤环境的生产潜力考虑 ,育种目标不同 ,育种程序、筛选方法和评价标准有显著差异。从筛选评价技术、育种方法、遗传变异等方面对水稻耐不良土壤因子胁迫品种改良的现状作了评述 ,并对今后的研究趋势作出展望。 Depending on whether the soil factor is toxic or not, the poor soil environment for rice growth can be divided into two broad categories. Bad soil types are different, the main obstacle factor there is a clear difference, the transformation and utilization of undesirable soil environment strategy is also very different. Considering breeding potential of poor soil resistance factors and excavating the potential of poor soil environment, breeding objectives, breeding procedures, screening methods and evaluation criteria are significantly different. The status quo of improvement of poor tolerance to soil factor stress in rice was reviewed from the aspects of screening evaluation techniques, breeding methods and genetic variation. The future research trends were also discussed.