积极性、求异性、广阔性、迁移性等是思维的特性,在数学教学中有意识地抓住这些特性进行训练与培养,既可提高学生的思维能力,又是提高小学数学教学质量的重要一环。转换角度思考,促进学生的求异思维。发散思维活动的展开,其重要的一点是要能改变已习惯了的思维定向,而从多方位多角度——即从新的思维角度去思考问题,以求得问题的解。决,这也就是思维的求异性。从认知心理学的角度来看,小学生在进行抽象的思维活动过程中由于年龄的特征,往往表现出难以摆脱已有的思维方向,也就是说学生个体(乃至于群体)的思 Enthusiasm, difference, expansibility, mobility and so on are the characteristics of thinking. Consciously grasping these characteristics in mathematics teaching to train and train can not only improve students’ thinking ability, but also is an important part of improving the quality of primary school mathematics teaching . Change perspective to promote students’ different thinking. Divergent thinking activities, the important point is to be able to change the habit of thinking orientation, but from a multi-dimensional multi-angle - that is, thinking from a new perspective to think about the problem in order to find the solution to the problem. This is the difference of thinking. From the perspective of cognitive psychology, primary school students often find it difficult to get rid of the existing thinking direction during the process of abstract thinking because of the characteristics of their age. That is to say, individual students (and even groups)