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混凝土已被广泛应用于铁路工程建设中。如要评定这些工程建设中的混凝土质量,最理想的方法是直接凿取试件进行测试,但这并不可取,如采用无损检测也不成熟。因此只能在灌筑混凝土时制作混凝土试件作为子样,以间接了解其质量情况。混凝土试件的主要特征为其标号定义及抗力。关于标号定义问题,国内各部门之间基本上是一致的,而其抗力的取值则国内各部门之间就有差异(铁路工程建设中的桥涵、隧道、路基挡土墙等是一致的)。今以铁路桥涵设计和施工规范的发展,说明上述问题的沿革。
Concrete has been widely used in railway construction. In order to assess the quality of concrete in these projects, the most ideal method is to test the specimen directly, but this is not desirable, such as the use of non-destructive testing is not mature. Therefore, only in the concrete pouring concrete specimens produced as a sub-sample to indirectly understand the quality of their situation. The main features of concrete specimens for its label definition and resistance. On the issue of label definition, the domestic departments are basically the same, but the value of its resistance there are differences between the various departments (railway engineering and construction of bridges and culverts, tunnels, subgrade retaining walls are the same) . Now with the development of railway bridge and culvert design and construction specifications, explain the evolution of the above problems.