人们在研究中国近代社会文化的时候 ,不是批判文化民族主义就是怜惜文化自由主义 ,不是抬高救亡贬低启蒙就是只看见启蒙而不见民族危机。本文则从社会发展的角度探讨了李大钊的“第三”文明之说 ,说明了李大钊的“第三”文明之说恰恰隐含了当时社会发展的方向。尽管他的“第三”文明之说有点理想化 ,但是在文化层面上却为中国近代社会指出了另一种发展道路 When people study the modern Chinese society and culture, it is not to criticize cultural nationalism but to pity on cultural liberalism. It is not just raising salvation, reducing enlightenment, just seeing enlightenment without seeing national crisis. This article explores Li Dazhao’s “Third Civilization” from the angle of social development. It shows that Li Dazhao’s “Third Civilization” just implies the direction of social development at that time. Although his “third” civilization is a bit idealistic, it has, at a cultural level, pointed out another way of development for modern Chinese society