在《拉封丹寓言》中有一头著名的布利丹毛驴,它面对两捆干草不知该吃哪一捆好,最后竟然饿死了。布利丹毛驴面临的其实就是经济学所说的选择问题。在资源有限的情况下,作出某种选择必定要放弃另一些选择。为了某种选择而放弃的其他选择称为某种选择的机会成本。由此,“选择与放弃”的问题就像“幸福与痛苦”一样相伴而生了。恰巧,经济学就是一门关于选择的学问。前几年,在深圳有这样一个故事:一个大学生面临上研究生还是参加工作两种选择,参加工作可以有5万元的年薪,而上研究生就必须放弃这5万元的收入,还要每年额外再投入1万元,但研究生毕业之后他可以得到10万元的 In the “Fables of La Fontaine”, there is a famous donkey of Buridan who, in the face of two bundles of hay, does not know which bundle to eat and finally dies of starvation. In fact, the donkey faced by Bliss is the choice of economics. In the case of limited resources, making some choice must give up some alternatives. Other alternatives to give up for a choice are called the opportunity cost of some choice. Thus, the question of “choosing and giving up” is born in the same way as “happiness and pain”. By coincidence, economics is a science of choice. A few years ago, there was such a story in Shenzhen: A college student faces either a graduate student or a job. Two years of salary can be paid for the job. The graduate student must give up the income of 50,000 yuan, Then put 10,000 yuan, but after graduating, he can get 100,000 yuan