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目的研究早产儿血清茶碱的药动学,指导临床合理用药。方法11例早产儿单次静脉滴注氨茶碱注射液5mg·kg-1,采用荧光偏振免疫法测定茶碱血药浓度,利用DAS软件拟合求得主要药动学参数。结果早产儿茶碱半衰期为(43.4±33.2)h,表观分布容积为(0.682±0.113)L·kg-1,清除率为(14±6)mL·h-1·kg-1。与国内足月儿茶碱代谢数据比较均有显著差异,与国外早产儿茶碱药动学参数比较半衰期和清除率有显著差异,而表观分布容积无显著差异。结论早产儿茶碱药动学与足月儿有显著不同,且个体差异大,临床需根据血药浓度监测来调整用药。
Objective To study the pharmacokinetics of serum theophylline in premature infants and to guide clinical rational use of drugs. Methods Eleven cases of preterm infants were given a single intravenous infusion of aminophylline injection 5mg · kg-1. The plasma concentration of theophylline was determined by fluorescence polarization immunoassay. The main pharmacokinetic parameters were obtained by fitting with DAS software. Results The half-life of theophylline in preterm infants was (43.4 ± 33.2) h, the apparent volume of distribution was (0.682 ± 0.113) L · kg-1 and the clearance rate was (14 ± 6) mL · h-1 · kg-1. There was a significant difference between the data of domesticated theophylline metabolism and the half-life and clearance rate of pharmacokinetic parameters of theophylline in overseas preterm infants. There was no significant difference in the apparent distribution volume. Conclusion The pharmacokinetics of theophylline in preterm infants is significantly different from that of full-term infants, and there is a big difference between the two groups. It is necessary to adjust the medication according to the blood concentration monitoring in clinic.