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富勒烯C_(60)是一类由12个五元环和若干六元环组成的笼状分子。C_(60)最初是在激光解析飞行时间质谱上被发现的,随后其大量的衍生物被合成和应用。现代分析表征技术对深入研究C_(60)及其衍生物的生成机理具有重要意义。本文以C_(60)及其衍生物为对象,重点评述了质谱(MS)、紫外可见近红外吸收光谱(UV-VisNIR)、红外光谱(IR)、拉曼光谱(Raman)、X射线衍射法(XRD)、核磁共振(NMR)和电子显微术等表征技术的应用。最后对C_(60)及其衍生物的表征技术和研究趋势进行了展望。
Fullerene C 60 is a class of cage molecules consisting of 12 five-membered rings and several six-membered rings. C_ (60) was first discovered on a laser-desorbed TOF-MS, and a large number of its derivatives were subsequently synthesized and applied. Modern analytical characterization techniques are of great importance for further study of the formation mechanism of C_ (60) and its derivatives. In this paper, C_ (60) and its derivatives are the main object of this paper. The main contents of MS, UV-VisNIR, IR, Raman and X-ray diffraction (XRD), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and electron microscopy and other characterization techniques. Finally, the prospect of the characterization technology and research trend of C_ (60) and its derivatives were discussed.