采用可变长度热源模型对奥氏体不锈钢平板多层焊对接接头的残余应力进行了数值模拟,同时也用实验方法测量了平板对接接头上下表面的残余应力,通过比较由热弹塑性有限元计算得到的残余应力与由电阻应变片法测量得到的实验结果得知,采用该模型对多层焊对接接头残余应力的数值模拟,不仅可以大大缩短计算时间,也可以得到较高的计算精度。 The residual stress of austenitic stainless steel flat multi-layer welded butt joints was numerically simulated by using variable length heat source model. The residual stresses of the upper and lower surfaces of the butt joint were also measured experimentally. By comparing the residual stress calculated by thermal elasto-plastic finite element method The obtained residual stress and the experimental results measured by the resistance strain gage method show that using this model to simulate the residual stress of multi-layer welded butt joints not only can greatly shorten the calculation time, but also can obtain higher accuracy.