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土壤盐化是造成塔里木河下游天然植被退化的主要因素之一,应用地统计学方法,分析了塔里木河下游表层土壤盐分的空间异质性特征。结果表明,研究区土壤含盐量普遍较高,表层土壤盐分呈现强变异性和具有较强的空间自相关格局,主要受结构性因子影响。空间插值结果表明,表层土壤盐分整体上呈现出条带状的分布格局,局部地区表现出斑块状的空间变异特征。从河流纵向看,表层土壤盐分“两头高,中间低”;从河流横向看,离河道越远,盐分越低,地下水埋深逐渐加深,物种数和植被盖度分别表现出与之相应的递减趋势。
Soil salinization is one of the main factors causing the degradation of natural vegetation in the lower reaches of the Tarim River. The spatial heterogeneity of surface soil salinity in the lower reaches of Tarim River is analyzed by geostatistics. The results showed that the soil salinity in the study area was generally high, the surface soil salinity showed strong variability and a strong spatial autocorrelation pattern, which was mainly affected by structural factors. Spatial interpolation results showed that the surface soil salinity showed a strip-shaped distribution pattern as a whole, and some areas showed patchy spatial variability. From the river longitudinal view, the surface soil salinity "from the river landscape, the farther from the river, the lower the salinity, groundwater depth gradually deepened, species and vegetation cover respectively corresponding to the corresponding Declining trend.