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为提高金属材料的耐磨性,以高铬铸铁为实验基材,采用多元合金化法制备了实验材料,并观察与测试了实验基材和合金元素Nb、V、Ti不同加入量时材料的铸态组织和冲击磨损率。结果表明:实验基材的铸态组织为粗长条状奥氏体+粗大的六角形M_7C_3碳化物组成,其冲击磨损率最大,高达6.9 mg/min;随着合金元素的加入量分别在0.10%~0.70%之间逐步增加,实验材料的铸态组织主要由奥氏体+M_7C_3碳化物+Nb C、VC和Ti C碳化物组成。合金元素的加入量分别为≤0.20%时和≤0.70%时的铸态组织较为粗大,相应的冲击磨损率也较大,分别为5.4 mg/min和6.3 mg/min;当合金元素的加入量分别为0.40%时,奥氏体呈细短的条状,M_7C_3型碳化物呈圆钝短小的条或块状,Nb C、VC和Ti C碳化物呈微小的颗粒状均匀的分布在基体中,其冲击磨损率最小,仅为4.5 mg/min,冲击耐磨性相对于实验基材提高了1.5倍以上。
In order to improve the wear resistance of metal materials, the high chromium cast iron was used as the experimental substrate, and the experimental materials were prepared by the multi-alloying method. The effects of experimental materials and alloying elements Nb, V and Ti were observed and tested. As-cast structure and impact wear rate. The results show that the as-cast microstructure of the experimental substrate is coarse-elongated austenite + coarse hexagonal M_7C_3 carbide with the highest impact wear rate of 6.9 mg / min. With the addition of alloying elements at 0.10 % ~ 0.70%. The as-cast microstructure of the experimental materials mainly consists of austenite + M_7C_3 carbides + Nb C, VC and TiC carbides. The as-cast microstructure of the alloys with the addition amounts of alloying elements of ≤0.20% and ≤0.70% are larger and the corresponding impact wear rates are also larger, which are respectively 5.4 mg / min and 6.3 mg / min. When the alloying elements Respectively, 0.40%, the austenite was thin strip, M_7C_3 carbides were round and blunt short strips or lumps, Nb C, VC and Ti C carbides were finely granular distribution in the matrix , The impact wear rate is the smallest, only 4.5 mg / min, impact wear resistance relative to the experimental substrate increased by 1.5 times.