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以磺化聚苯乙烯球为模板,苯胺为碳源,利用模板法制备了中空炭球结构。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、傅立叶-红外光谱(FT-IR)和热重分析(TGA)对所制的样品进行了表征。结果表明:所制中空炭球的壁厚为35nm且粒径均匀,中空炭球的形貌和壳层厚度受聚苯乙烯模板磺化度的影响。磺酸化8h的聚苯乙烯球是制备中空炭球的最佳模板,由于聚苯乙烯球表面足够磺酸基团的存在,增大了聚苯乙烯核模板和聚苯胺壳层之间的热分解温度差,使得聚苯乙烯核模板具有较低的分解温度,而聚苯胺壳层则具有较高分解温度,从而利用炭化法制得球壳完整和球形良好的中空炭球结构。
Sulfonated polystyrene spheres as a template, aniline as a carbon source, the use of template prepared hollow carbon ball structure. The prepared samples were characterized by SEM, TEM, XRD, FT-IR and TGA. The results show that the wall thickness of hollow carbon spheres is 35 nm and the particle size is uniform. The morphology and shell thickness of hollow carbon spheres are affected by the degree of sulfonation of polystyrene template. Sulfonated 8h polystyrene beads is the best template for the preparation of hollow carbon spheres, due to the presence of sufficient sulfonic acid groups on the surface of the polystyrene spheres, increasing the thermal decomposition between the polystyrene core template and the polyaniline shell Temperature difference makes the polystyrene template has a lower decomposition temperature, while the polyaniline shell has a higher decomposition temperature, so the use of carbonization method to obtain a spherical shell integrity and spherical good hollow carbon ball structure.