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用电化学方法研究了奥氏体不锈钢在含氯离子和硫酸盐的介质中孔蚀诱发的临界条件和诱发动力学过程,得出临界电位与氯离子浓度、温度和铝元素含量之间的定量关系。孔蚀诱发速度遵循着下式: 1/τ=Aexp/(Ea/RT)[Cl~-]~α[SO~_4~(2-)]~β电子探针分析结果表明,氯离子在膜表面上局部浓集。根据实验结果,提出了孔蚀诱发的临界核模型。该模型可以解释(1)临界条件的存在和本质,(2)氯离子对钝化膜的局部破坏作用,(3)小孔的再钝化和再钝化小孔的临界尺寸,(4)孔蚀诱发的敏感位置,(5)缓蚀性阴离子的作用,(6)诱导期的含义。
The critical conditions and induced kinetic processes induced by pitting corrosion in austenitic stainless steel containing chloride and sulfate were studied electrochemically. The quantitative relationship between the critical potential and chloride ion concentration, temperature and aluminum content was obtained relationship. The pitting inducing velocity follows the formula: 1 / τ = Aexp / (Ea / RT) [Cl ~ -] ~ α [SO ~ _4 ~ (2 -)] ~ β electron probe analysis results show that the chloride ion in the membrane Local concentration on the surface. According to the experimental results, a critical pitting induced nuclear model is proposed. The model can explain (1) the existence and nature of the critical conditions, (2) the local destructive effect of chloride ions on the passivation film, (3) the re-passivation of the pores and the critical size of the reactivated pores, (4) Pitting-induced sensitive sites, (5) the role of corrosion-inhibiting anions, and (6) the induction period.