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选用小豆品种京农6号种子,分别采用甲基磺酸乙酯(EMS)(0.5%、0.9%和1.4%处理12h和24h)、电子束(100、300、600Gy)、60Co-γ(400Gy)诱变处理,将处理后的种子种于大田,鉴定后代植株性状的变异。观察表明,EMS诱变的变异类型最丰富、60Co-γ射线次之、电子束产生的变异类型较单一。EMS处理小豆以浓度0.5%和0.9%处理24h为宜;0.5%EMS处理的粒色和荚色变异突出,有鲜红、黄白、绿白粒色和黑荚、褐荚、黑褐荚变异;0.9%处理的叶形变异突出,有鸡爪叶、剑叶、肾形叶、小密叶等突变类型;电子束诱变后,M2变异率分别为4.09%、3.64%和2.22%。400Gy60Co-γ射线处理种子,后代变异率为7.23%。通过两年的鉴定筛选,获得937个EMS诱变M3代株系,934个60Co-γ射线和电子束诱变M2代株系,已得到株高、叶形、叶色、粒形、粒色、荚色、无分枝、多分枝、叶簇生、分枝簇生、光叶、蔓生、有限结荚习性、株型松散、育性、成熟特性等突变体材料1490份。本研究为小豆基因遗传分析、基因定位与克隆及其进一步的基因功能分析奠定了基础,为小豆育种提供了重要的材料。
The seeds of Jingnong 6, a small bean variety, were selected and treated with EMS (0.5%, 0.9% and 1.4% for 12h and 24h), electron beam (100,300,600Gy) and 60Co-γ ) Mutagenesis treatment, the treated seeds planted in the field, identification of offspring plant character variation. Observations show that the most abundant types of EMS mutagenesis, followed by 60Co-γ-ray, electron beam produced a single type of variation. The treatment of adzuki bean with EMS at the concentration of 0.5% and 0.9% was suitable for 24 h treatment. The variation of color and pod color of 0.5% EMS treatment was highlighted with red, yellow and white, green and white color and black pod, brown pod and dark brown pod; 0.9 The variation of leaf-shape was prominent with the mutation types of chicken paw, sword leaf, kidney-shaped leaf and small leaf. The mutation rates of M2 were 4.09%, 3.64% and 2.22% respectively after electron beam mutagenesis. 400Gy60Co-γ ray treatment of seeds, offspring mutation rate of 7.23%. Through two years of identification and screening, 937 EMS mutagenesis M3 generation lines, 934 60Co-gamma rays and electron beam mutagenesis M2 generation lines were obtained, and plant height, leaf shape, leaf color, grain shape and grain color , Pod color, unbranched, multi-branched, leaf cluster, branch cluster, light leaves, vine growth, limited pod habit, loose plant type, fertility, maturity characteristics of mutant material 1490 copies. This study laid the foundation for adzuki bean gene genetic analysis, gene mapping and cloning and further gene function analysis, which provided important materials for adzuki bean breeding.