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目的掌握煤矿工人尘肺病人肺功能损伤程度与各期尘肺病人肺功能变化情况。方法采用肺量计对煤矿工尘肺病人肺通气功能最大通气量(MVV)、用力肺活量(FVC)、第1秒时间肺活量(FEV1)、1秒率(FEV1%)进行测定。结果煤矿工尘肺病人肺通气功能平均值MVV 64.49 L、FVC 3.26 L、FEV11.71 L、FEV1%2.45%,比入矿时测定结果明显下降(P<0.01);病后5年MVV、FVC、FEV1测定值均在入矿时的50%以下,肺功能损伤评定在中度与重度之间;尘肺期别越高,肺功能损伤越严重。结论煤矿工尘肺病人肺功能损伤程度与接尘工龄、尘肺期别呈正相关,煤矿工人一旦定诊为尘肺病人,应及时调粉尘作业岗位,以防肺功能进行性损伤。
Objective To understand the degree of pulmonary function impairment in pneumoconiosis workers and the changes of lung function in patients with pneumoconiosis at different stages. Methods Spirometry was used to measure MVV, FVC, FEV1 and FEV1% of miners with pneumoconiosis. Results The average pulmonary ventilation function of coal miners with pneumoconiosis was MVV 64.49 L, FVC 3.26 L, FEV 11.71 L and FEV1% 2.45%, which were significantly lower than those of the miners (P <0.01) FEV1 measurements were below 50% of the time of mineralization, lung function impairment was assessed between moderate and severe; the higher the pneumoconiosis stage, the more severe lung injury. Conclusion The degree of lung injury in coal miners with pneumoconiosis is positively correlated with the length of service and the period of pneumoconiosis. Once the coal miners are diagnosed as pneumoconiosis patients, they should adjust their dust jobs in time to prevent lung function from being damaged.