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目的了解重庆市地铁车厢内不同季节空气中主要微生物的污染状况,为疾病预防和卫生监督提供科学依据。方法分别于2014年4、7、11月及2015年1月对重庆市地铁1、3号线车厢各进行1次细菌总数、溶血性链球菌菌落总数、温度、相对湿度等检测,同时监测客流量。每月连续检测3 d,每日分上午、下午2个时段,对每列车的前、中、后3段各抽取1节车厢进行检测。结果地铁1号线和3号线春、夏、秋、冬四季的细菌总数合格率分别为100%(144/144),97.92%(141/144),100%(144/144),100%(144/144)。细菌总数在夏季最高,为(15.14±1.42)CFU/皿;冬季最低,为(10.92±1.57)CFU/皿。多重线性回归分析结果显示,车厢内的细菌总数与车厢内温度、客流量呈正相关(P<0.05),细菌总数随着温度、客流量的增加而升高;车厢内的细菌总数与时间呈负相关(P<0.05),下午时的细菌总数少于上午。结论本次调查的地铁车厢内的空气质量主要与季节、客流量、温度有关,建议加强空调系统日常卫生管理。
Objective To understand the pollution status of airborne microorganisms in different seasons in Chongqing subway and to provide a scientific basis for disease prevention and health supervision. Methods The total number of bacteria, the total number of hemolytic streptococcus colonies, temperature and relative humidity were measured on the trains of Chongqing Metro Line 1 and Line 3 respectively in April, July and November 2014 and January 2015 respectively. At the same time, the passenger flow was monitored the amount. 3 consecutive days a month, every morning minutes, 2 afternoon sessions, each train before, during and after the three paragraphs of a car for testing. Results The passing rates of bacteria in the four seasons of Metro Line 1 and Line 3 in spring, summer, autumn and winter were 100% (144/144), 97.92% (141/144), 100% (144/144), 100% (144/144). The total number of bacteria in summer was the highest (15.14 ± 1.42) CFU / dish, while the lowest in winter was (10.92 ± 1.57) CFU / dish. The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that the total number of bacteria in the compartment was positively correlated with the temperature and passenger flow in the compartment (P <0.05), and the total number of bacteria increased with the increase of temperature and traffic volume. The total number of bacteria in the compartment and the time were negative (P <0.05), the total number of bacteria in the afternoon was less than in the morning. Conclusion The air quality in the subway train of this survey is mainly related to the season, passenger flow and temperature. It is suggested to strengthen the routine hygienic management of the air-conditioning system.