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目的分析2012年昆明市西山区乙类传染病的发病情况、流行特征和变化趋势,为传染病预防控制提供决策依据。方法采用描述性流行病学分析方法对昆明市西山区2012年乙类传染病疫情资料进行分析。结果 2012年报告乙类传染病13种1 772例,死亡19例,报告发病率为235.22/10万,年死亡率为2.52/10万,病死率为1.07%。发病率居前5位的疾病依次为病毒性肝炎(841例,111.64/10万)、肺结核(253例,33.58/10万)、梅毒(244例,32.39/10万)、艾滋病(126例,16.73/10万)、伤寒/副伤寒(102例,13.54/10万)。血源及性传播疾病占发病总数的66.70%(1 182/1 772),呼吸道传染病占19.47%(345/1 772),肠道传染病占13.37%(237/1 772),虫媒及自然疫源性疾病占0.45%(8/1 772)。结论应加强对血源及性传播疾病的预防控制,做好重点人群的健康教育工作。
Objective To analyze the incidence, epidemiological characteristics and trends of infectious diseases in Xishan District of Kunming in 2012, and provide a basis for decision-making on prevention and control of infectious diseases. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis was used to analyze the epidemic situation of B infectious diseases in Xishan District of Kunming City in 2012. Results In 2012, there were 1372 cases of type B infectious diseases and 19 deaths. The reported incidence rate was 235.22 / 100000, the annual mortality rate was 2.52 / 100,000 and the case fatality rate was 1.07%. The top five diseases were viral hepatitis (841 cases, 111.64 / 100,000), tuberculosis (253 cases, 33.58 / 100,000), syphilis (244 cases, 32.39 / 100,000), AIDS (126 cases, 16.73 / 100 000), typhoid / paratyphoid fever (102 cases, 13.54 / 100 000). 66.70% (1 182/1 772) of the total number of cases of blood-borne and sexually-transmitted diseases, 19.47% (345/1 772) of infectious diseases of respiratory tract, 13.37% (237/1 772) of infectious diseases of intestinal tract, Natural foci accounted for 0.45% (8/1 772). Conclusion The prevention and control of blood and sexually transmitted diseases should be strengthened and health education should be done well for key populations.