论文部分内容阅读
环境侵权诉讼遵循公平、正义和效率的基本价值取向,旨在实现环境受害人与污染者之间利益的协调。囿于环境侵权的复杂性、间接性、潜伏性以及当事人地位的不平等性等特征,一般民事侵权的因果关系认定规则对于环境侵权受害人而言能力难以企及。为更好地保护受害人的合法权益,有必要在诉讼中引入和适用因果关系推定原则。但在司法审判实践中,因果关系推定的适用仍存在证明责任的分配、证明标准的确定、因果关系推定方法的选择适用等诸多难以逾越的障碍。论文试图通过对以上问题的初步论述探讨因果关系推定适用的一般方法、规则和思路。
Environmental tort litigation follows the basic values of fairness, justice and efficiency and aims to achieve the coordination of the interests of environmental victims and polluters.复 Because of the complexity, indirectness, latentness and inequality of parties’ status, the rules of determining the causality of general tort are difficult to match with the victims of environmental tort. In order to better protect the legal rights and interests of victims, it is necessary to introduce and apply the principle of presumption of causality in litigation. However, in the judicial trial practice, there are still many insurmountable obstacles such as the distribution of the burden of proof, the determination of the proof standard and the selection and application of the causal relationship presumption method. The thesis attempts to discuss the general methods, rules and ideas applicable to the presumption of causation through the preliminary discussion of the above problems.