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目的了解光明新区婴儿喂养方式现状,比较独生子女与非独生子女之间的差异,研究两个群体有效的营养行为干预模式。方法 2011年7月1~8日在深圳市光明新区社区儿童保健门诊,对330名0~3岁散居婴幼儿的主要照顾者进行回顾性调查,调查表由医务人员填写,主要内容包括婴幼儿基本情况、喂养现状及补充食品添加情况,以及家长关于婴儿期喂养、营养知识和行为等。结果独生子女家庭年均收入与非独生子女家庭年均收入差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);独生子女母乳喂养率为35.13%,非独生子女为76.08%(P<0.05);断奶时间:独生子女为4.10月,非独生子女为8.08月(P<0.05);6个月龄时独生子女补充食品添加占29.87%,非独生子女占19.19%(P<0.01),两人群补充食品添加种类和频率差异均有统计学意义。结论科学合理的喂养方式取决于主要抚养人的喂养行为以及母亲的文化程度,家庭收入不是科学喂养的主要障碍,独生子女补充食物添加及喂养方式更为科学合理,分层次践行科学育儿中心-社区-家庭的干预模式。
Objective To understand the current situation of infant feeding in Guangming New District and to compare the differences between only children and non-only children, and to study the effective intervention mode of nutrition and behavior between the two groups. Methods A retrospective survey of 330 primary caregivers of scattered infant aged 0-3 years was conducted in Guangming New District Community Health Care Clinic from July 1 to July 2011. The questionnaire was filled in by medical staff. The main contents include infants and toddlers Basic situation, feeding status and supplementary food supplement, as well as parents about infant feeding, nutritional knowledge and behavior. Results There was no significant difference in the average annual income of only-child children and non-only children (P> 0.05). The only-child breastfeeding rate was 35.13% and that of non-only children was 76.08% (P <0.05) (P <0.05). At 6 months of age, only children had 29.87% of food supplements and 19.19% of non-only children (P <0.01), while two children were fed with food supplements The differences of types and frequencies were statistically significant. Conclusion The scientific and reasonable feeding method depends on the feeding behavior of the main dependents and the mother’s education level. The family income is not the main obstacle for scientific feeding. The one-child supplementary food feeding and feeding ways are more scientific and reasonable, and the scientific parenting center- Community-family intervention model.