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目的分析新化县疑似预防接种异常反应(adverse events following immunization,AEFI)的发生特征,评价AEFI监测系统的运转情况。方法收集新化县2009-2011年的AEFI监测个案数据,采用描述性分析方法,对AEFI分布特征和相关指标进行流行病学分析。结果新化县2009-2011年共报告AEFI 115例,<3岁病例占84.35%(97/115),其中<1岁病例最多,占全部病例的53.04%(61/115);男女性别比为1.3:1;AEFI主要分布在4-5和8-9月份,共67例,占58.26%,其次为11-12月份,报告24例,占20.87%;接种国家免疫规划(national immunization program,NIP)疫苗后发生的AEFI共95例,占82.61%;报告的115例AEFI中,以一般反应为主(99例),占86.09%;疫苗分布以无细胞百白破引起的AEFI最常见,占38.26%(44/115),其临床损害以发热/红肿/硬结为主;92.17%(106例)AEFI在接种后<1 d内发生;治愈病例111例,占96.52%(111/115),其余为好转;2009-2011年,AEFI监测覆盖率为96.67%(29/30),及时报告率为95.65%,48 h内调查率为100%,3 d内调查表报告率62.5%,个案报告完整率为100%。结论新化县AEFI监测系统运转逐渐步入正轨,监测质量及敏感性需进一步提高。
Objective To analyze the occurrence characteristics of suspected AEFI in Xinhua County and evaluate the operation of AEFI monitoring system. Methods AEFI surveillance data collected from 2009 to 2011 in Xinhua County were collected. The descriptive analysis method was used to analyze the distribution characteristics of AEFI and related indicators in epidemiological analysis. Results 115 cases of AEFI and 84.35% (97/115) were reported in Xinhua County from 2009 to 2011, of which <1 year old was the most, accounting for 53.04% (61/115) of all the cases; the male to female sex ratio was 1.3: 1; AEFI mainly distributed in 4-5 and 8-9 months, a total of 67 cases, accounting for 58.26%, followed by 11-12 months, 24 cases reported, accounting for 20.87%; vaccination of the national immunization program (NIP ) AEFI occurred in 95 cases (82.61%) after the vaccine. Of the 115 AEFI cases reported, 99 were the most common reactions, accounting for 86.09%. AEFI caused by cell-free diphtheria was the most common, accounted for The clinical damage was mainly fever / inflamed / induration. AEFI occurred in 92.17% (106 cases) within 1 day after inoculation; 111 cases (96.52%) were cured, accounting for 96.52% (111/115) The rest were improved; 2009-2011, AEFI monitoring coverage was 96.67% (29/30), the timely reporting rate was 95.65%, 48-h survey rate was 100%, 3 d survey report was 62.5%, the case report The complete rate is 100%. Conclusion The operation of AEFI monitoring system in Xinhua County is gradually getting on track, and the quality and sensitivity of monitoring needs to be further improved.