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目的：探讨平均血小板体积（mean platelet volume, MPV）在胰腺神经内分泌肿瘤（pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor, PNET）与胰腺癌鉴别诊断中的应用价值。方法回顾26例PNET及116例胰腺癌患者初治时血常规检测结果。对于可手术患者，同时收集术后2周的血常规检测结果。分析PNET患者与胰腺癌患者初治时MPV的差异，以及患者术前与术后MPV水平的差异。结果 PNET患者术前MPV水平为7.64±0.94 fL。胰腺癌患者术前MPV水平为8.69±1.35 fL。PNET患者术前MPV水平显著低于胰腺癌患者（P＜0.01）。ROC分析显示MPV用于胰腺癌与PNET鉴别诊断的临界值为≤7.83 fL，敏感性69.7%，特异性78.3%，AUC：0.774（0.615～0.933），P＜0.01。胰腺癌患者术后MPV水平为7.76±0.87 fL，较术前（8.69±1.35 fL）显著降低（P＜0.01）。PNET患者术后MPV水平为7.56±0.55 fL，较术前（7.64±0.94 fL）差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论 MPV有可能应用于PNET与胰腺癌的鉴别诊断。“,”ObjectiveTo investigate the application of mean platelet volume (MPV) in the differential diagnosis of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (PNET) and pancreatic cancer.Methods 26 PNET patients and 116 pancreatic cancer patients were enrolled in this study. MPV level was tested before treatment and 2 weeks after operation. The pre-treatment MPV levels were compared between PNET and pancreatic cancer patients. MPV levels were also compared between pre- and post-operative samples.Results MPV level of pre-operative pancreatic cancer patients was 8.69±1.35 fL, which was signifi cantly higher than the MPV level of pre-operative PNET patients (7.64±0.94 fL). The cut-off value of MPV level for detection of PNET was calculated as≤7.83 fL using ROC analysis (sensitivity: 69.7%, specifi city: 78.3%, AUC: 0.774 [0.615~0.933],P<0.01). The MPV level decreased signifi cantly 2 weeks after operation in pancreatic cancer patients (8.69±1.35 fL vs. 7.76±0.87 fL;P0.05).Conclusion MPV values could be a useful marker for differential diagnosis between PNET and pancreatic cancer.