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妊娠和分娩虽系完全正常的生理现象,但在其过程中可能引起各种异常状态,其中包括精神障碍,这一直为精神科和妇产科医师所关注。Esquirol很早观察到分娩后精神障碍比妊娠中精神障碍多,认为月经、妊娠和分娩可能是导致精神疾患的原因之一。过去,曾使用“生殖精神病”一词。最近,由于众多专家认为,妊娠与分娩仅能构成精神疾患的诱因,故这一诊断名便被取消,但仍有很多问题留待解决。本文仅以预防观点进行概括叙述。一、妊娠中的心理状态和精神障碍
Although pregnancy and childbirth are completely normal physiological phenomena, they can cause various abnormalities in their course, including mental disorders, which have long been of concern to psychiatrists and gynecologists. Esquirol observed early after childbirth mental disorders than gestational disorders, that menstruation, pregnancy and childbirth may be one of the causes of mental disorders. In the past, the term “reproductive psychosis” had been used. Recently, many experts considered that pregnancy and childbirth can only constitute a cause of mental illness. Therefore, the name of this diagnosis has been canceled. However, many problems remain to be solved. This article only summarizes the concept of prevention. First, the psychological state of pregnancy and mental disorders