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许多药物和化学物都能使氧活化成为氧自由基。由于所形成的氧自由基活性很高,故有人提出化学物引起的氧活化与其毒性相关。有关这方面最引人注目的实例是那些具有氧化还原循环作用的化合物。这类化合物往往经酶促反应通过单电子还原步骤而被还原,然后所形成的中间产物将额外电子传递给分子氧,从而形成过氧化物阴离子自由基。醌型化合物可还原成半醌类。许多药物含有醌结构,氢醌类经酶促氧化或自动氧化作用也可形成醌类。另外,
Many drugs and chemicals activate oxygen to oxygen radicals. Due to the high oxygen radical activity that is being formed, it has been suggested that chemical-induced oxygen activation is associated with its toxicity. The most notable examples in this regard are those compounds that have a redox cycle. Such compounds are often reduced by an enzymatic reaction through a single electron reduction step and the resulting intermediate product then transfers additional electrons to the molecular oxygen to form peroxide anion radicals. Quinoid compounds can be reduced to semi-quinones. Many drugs contain quinone structures. Hydroquinones can also form quinones by enzymatic oxidation or auto-oxidation. In addition,