国家的现代化是以形成某种现代性为指向的,而不单纯是经济上的增长与技术上的进步。这意味着现代化的过程需要且实际上是以某些现代性的观念为引导,或者说是以它们作为所追求的目标。而构成这些现代性观念的深层,无疑是哲学与伦理的观念,这就无怪乎在中国现代化的发端时期,缺乏一些现代观念要素(如自由、民主、权利等)的传统伦理构成了现代化的思想障碍。传统伦理与现代化欲求间的冲突,在“中学为体,西学为用”的争论下展开,其实质是要“以中国之伦常名教为原本,辅以诸国富强之术”。(1)其中关涉的核心问题是,传统儒家伦理是否能够在 The modernization of the country is directed at the formation of some kind of modernity, not just economic growth and technological progress. This means that the process of modernization needs and is actually guided by the notion of certain modernity or that it is their goal to pursue it. It is not surprising that in the beginning of China’s modernization, the traditional ethics that lacked elements of modern conceptions (such as freedom, democracy, rights, etc.) constituted the thought of modernization obstacle. The conflict between the traditional ethics and the modernized desires is launched under the controversy of “middle school as the body and Western study as the ”, and its essence is to “take the ethical name of China as the original, supplemented by the prosperity of all nations” . (1) The core issue involved is whether traditional Confucian ethics can be present