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临床工作者需要了解药物的半衰期与最低排泄率,这是拟定最佳给药方案的重要依据。可以认为,掌握了药物在体内的蓄积和排泄情况,才能达到吸收与消除的平衡,药物血浆浓度的相对稳定和既有疗效而又不致中毒。例如,一次给药后4～5个半衰期血浆浓度下降95％~(+-),那么,连续恒速滴注或重复恒量给药就要有相应的间隔。在临床上,只有少数药物要在血浆有较高的高峰浓度(如青霉素等),多数药物都应长期维持较恒定的有效血浆浓度。为此,一是采取有效的药物剂量,二是确定恰当的给药间隔。一般情况下,间隔既
Clinicians need to understand the half-life of drugs and minimum excretion rate, which is an important basis for the formulation of the best drug delivery program. It can be considered that the master of the accumulation and excretion of drugs in the body, in order to achieve the balance of absorption and elimination, the relative stability of the drug plasma concentration and the existing efficacy without poisoning. For example, 4 to 5 plasma half-life drops of 95% ~ (+ -) after a single dose, there should be a corresponding interval between continuous constant drip or repeated constant dose. Clinically, only a small number of drugs in the plasma have a higher peak concentration (such as penicillin, etc.), most drugs should be more long-term maintenance of a more effective plasma concentration. To this end, one is to take effective drug dose, the other is to determine the appropriate dosing interval. In general, the interval is both