长期以来,教师把自己更多地定位为管理者和控制者。为了维持课堂纪律和课堂教学,学生一般不被允许发出信号,他们要听从教师的指令,允许做什么,不允许做什么。在互动中教师更要求自己的行为和要求被学生接受和执行,一旦遭到拒绝会倾向于用各种方式包括消极的方式达到目的。在这种情况下,学生的主体性和主动地位难以得到保证,师生之间的有效互动关系难以建立。 For a long time, teachers have positioned themselves more as managers and controllers. In order to maintain classroom discipline and classroom instruction, students are generally not allowed to signal that they obey the instructions of their teachers, allow what they do and do not allow. In interaction, teachers also require their behavior and requirements to be accepted and implemented by students. Once rejected, they tend to achieve their goals in various ways, including negative ones. Under such circumstances, students’ subjectivity and initiative can hardly be guaranteed, and effective interaction between teachers and students is hard to establish.