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目的了解贵州省手足口病聚集性疫情病原谱及变迁。方法各县(市、区)收集手足口病聚集性疫情基本信息及患者标本送属地市(州)疾病预防控制中心,标本用real-time PCR技术检测肠道病毒,对结果进行描述性分析。结果共对870起聚集性疫情的1 742例患者的粪便和/或肛拭子、咽拭子标本检测,检出率为77.82%,感染率为73.36%。单一感染中其他肠道病毒最多,占32.20%;混合感染以EV71+其他肠道病毒感染居多,占7.53%;每年的感染谱有所不同。九市(州)均有肠道病毒检出,检出率以毕节市最高(89.91%),贵阳市最低(35.29%),差异有统计学意义(χ~2=123.73,P=0.00),各地优势病毒型别发生变迁。各月均有肠道病毒检出,检出主峰为3月-5月,(59.08%),次峰为10月(6.79%)。不同场所聚集性疫情均存在肠道病毒的单一感染和混合感染。结论贵州省手足口病聚集性疫情病原多样,优势病毒型别随年度病原谱变化而变化,需加强监测、传染源管理及健康教育等工作。
Objective To understand the pathogenesis and changes of HFMD in Guizhou Province. Methods Collecting the basic information of hand, foot and mouth disease cluster epidemic in each county (city, district) and their specimens to the municipal (state) CDC. The samples were tested for enterovirus by real-time PCR and the results were descriptively analyzed. Results A total of 1 742 fecal and / or anal swabs and pharyngeal swab specimens from 870 outbreaks were detected. The detection rate was 77.82% and the infection rate was 73.36%. Among the other infections, most of the other enteroviruses accounted for 32.20%. Infection with EV71 + other enterovirus infections accounted for 7.53%. The spectrum of infection was different every year. The detection rates of enterovirus in all nine cities were 89.1% in Bijie City and 35.29% in Guiyang City, the difference was statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 123.73, P = 0.00) The dominant virus types have changed around. Enterovirus was detected in each month. The main peak was detected in March-May (59.08%) and the next peak was in October (6.79%). Aggregated outbreaks in different places exist single and mixed infections of enteroviruses. Conclusion There are many pathogenic pathogens of hand-foot-mouth disease in Guizhou Province. The dominant virus types vary with the change of pathological spectrum. Monitoring, source management and health education should be strengthened.