理与气,是中国古代典籍中经常讨论的哲学领域的一对基本范畴。 气,是宇宙万物存在的质的实体和运动的力的载体。《易经·系辞上》:“精气为物。”王充《论衡·自然》:“天地合气,万物自生。” 理与气,是相互依存、相互为用的。“有理则有气”(程颐)“言物则气与理皆在其中。”(朱熹) 人生修养讲求“气”。孟子说:“我善养吾浩然之气。” 文章写作讲求“气”。曹丕《典论·论文》:“文以气为主。”刘勰《文心雕龙》有《养气》篇。 我们这里着重讨论说理文中理与气的辩证关系。 Reason and Qi, is a pair of basic categories in the field of philosophy often discussed in ancient Chinese classics. Qi is the carrier of the physical entities and the forces of movement that exist in the universe. “Book of Changes”: “essence of things.” Wang Chong “On balance of nature”: “A heaven and earth together, all things by themselves.” Reason and morality, are interdependent and mutual use. “There is reason to have gas” (Cheng Yi) “Words are the gas and reason are all in it.” (Zhu Xi) Life stress “Qi.” Mencius said: “I am good at raising my noble spirit.” Cao Pi “on the theory of the paper”: “the main text to the gas.” Liu Xie “Wen Xin Diao Long” have “Yang” articles. Here we focus on talking about the dialectical relationship between reason and reason.