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目的进一步探索民航机场工作环境噪声对机场工作人员听觉功能的影响。方法对国内某民航机场的34名工作人员进行了畸变产物耳声发射(distortion product otoacoustic emissions,DPOAE)检查,并比较分析了外场组与室内组、左耳与右耳以及各工龄组间DPOAE信噪比(signal noise ratio,SNR)的幅值和检出率的差异。结果室内组和外场组各个频率SNR的检出率均小于100%,室内组SNR的幅值和检出率在多个频率点显著高于外场组(P<0.05),以3000 Hz和4000 Hz差异尤为显著(P<0.01);工龄15～29年组和30年以上组SNR的幅值和检出率在多个频率点显著高于0～14年组(P<0.05),而工龄15～29年组和30年以上组间未见显著性差异;左右耳之间SNR的幅值和检出率未见显著性差异。结论机场噪声对机场工作人员的听觉功能造成了损害,由于外场工作人员噪声暴露强度高于室内工作人员,所以其听觉功能损害程度更加严重;接触噪声时间越长损害越严重。
Objective To further explore the impact of civil airport airport noise on the auditory function of airport staff. Methods Distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE) was performed on 34 civil aviation airport personnel in China. The DPOAE signals of field group, indoor group, left ear, right ear and each age group were compared and analyzed. The difference between the magnitude of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and the detection rate. Results The detection rates of SNR at all frequencies were less than 100% in indoor and external field groups. The amplitude and detection rate of SNR in indoor group were significantly higher than those of external field group (P <0.05) at 3000Hz and 4000Hz (P <0.01). The amplitude and detection rate of SNR in the 15-29 years of service and 30 years of service were significantly higher than those in the 0-14 years (P <0.05) There was no significant difference between ~ 29 years group and more than 30 years group; there was no significant difference in the amplitude and detection rate of SNR between left and right ears. Conclusions Airport noise has impaired the auditory functions of airport staff. As the noise exposure intensity of workers in the field is higher than that of indoor workers, the degree of hearing impairment is more serious. The longer the exposure time, the more serious the damage is.