在西方形式主义理论中,文学的自指性本身就是目的,指使话语突出和显示自身,而中国古典诗词中追求意境,利用语言的曲指性通过形象间接地指涉意义,两者的基础首先在于文学语言的陌生化。什克洛夫斯基的纲领性宣言《语词的复活》中首次提出了“陌生化”这一概念,“艺术史告诉我们,诗歌的语言—这不是一种通俗易懂的语言(至少通常是这样的),而是似懂非懂的语言”。陌生化所欲“陌生”的是语言,也即语言所指的描写客体。如海德格尔说:“诗只在 In western formalism, the self-referential nature of literature is the purpose in itself, which means that the discourse is prominent and shows itself. The pursuit of artistic conception in Chinese classical poetry, the use of language refers to the meaning of meaning indirectly, the basis of both It is the defamiliarization of literary language. The concept of ”defamiliarization “ was first proposed in ”The Resurrection of Words“ in Shklovsky’s programmatic declaration. ”Art history tells us that the language of poetry is not an easy-to-understand language At least usually like this), but a language that does not understand. Defamiliarization “strange ” is the language, that is, the language of the description of the object. Such as Heidegger said: "poetry only