论文部分内容阅读
1引言乙肝感染影响着全世界20亿人并且有将近4亿人是慢性感染,导致严重的肝脏疾病并最终发展为肝硬化和肝细胞癌。使用α干扰素已成为多年的唯一治疗选择,并且与大约30%患者中的持续应答相关。然而,剂量依赖性副作用也时常发生。用于治疗人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染的聚合酶抑制剂的开发为慢性乙肝治疗提供了新的希望。目前有3种被批准用于慢性HBV感染的核苷(酸)类似物:拉米夫定(L-脱氧胞苷类似物)、阿德福韦(单磷酸腺苷类似物)以及恩替卡韦(脱氧鸟苷类似物)。它们均以HBV逆转录酶(RT)活性为目标,从而抑制病毒复制并引起大多数患者中病毒学、生物化学以及组织学状态的改善。
1 Introduction Hepatitis B infection affects 2 billion people worldwide and nearly 400 million people are chronically infected, leading to severe liver disease and eventually cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The use of interferon alpha has been the only treatment option for many years and is associated with a sustained response in about 30% of patients. However, dose-dependent side effects also occur frequently. The development of polymerase inhibitors for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has provided new hope for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B. Currently there are 3 nucleoside (acid) analogs approved for chronic HBV infection: lamivudine (L-deoxycytidine analog), adefovir (adenosine monophosphate analogue) and entecavir Guanosine analogues). They all target HBV reverse transcriptase (RT) activity, thereby inhibiting viral replication and causing virological, biochemical, and histological improvements in most patients.