Traumatic brain injury(TBI)is a significant public health problem. TBI comprises a variety of cerebral lesions，including primary lesions and secondary lesions such as traumatic brain edema，secondary infarction et al.，which leads to increase intracranial pressure，decrease cerebral perfusion and oxygenation，and contribute to additional ischemic injuries. This finally aggravates the already impaired compliances and critically influences the patientsmorbidity and mortality.Because TBI is a pathological consult conducted by a concert of complex molecular and cellular changes，specific clinical treatments are not expected to be available within the near future.