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Background: Bipolar disorder(BD)is commonly misdiagnosed as major depressive disorder(MDD),which may lead to incorrect treatment strategy and poorer prognosis.The combination of clinical phenomenology and hypomanic symptom screening instrument may be helpful to discriminate bipolar depression from unipolar depression.This study aimed to explore the role of demographic and clinical characteristics as well as a hypomanic symptom checklist in distinguishing bipolar from unipolar depression.