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The pressure wave refrigerator (PWR) is the wave-machine to refrigerate the gas with intermittent expansion waves.Due to the simple structnre and robustness, PWR may have many potential applications if the efficiency becomes competitive with the existing alternative devices.In order to study the mechanism in PWR, a simplified analysis mode is founded based on 1-D and 2-D numerical analysis.The effect of major operation parameters, such as the rotational rate of gas distributor, the length of expansion tubes and some configuration parameters are discussed in the paper.Some theoretical consideratious to improve the PWR efficiency are also given.