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The uplift of the Tibetan Plateau and the Himalayas has caused the great changes in climate and ecological environment.Animals may have been "trapped" on uplifted plateau and adapted to novel environment.The animal evolution is benefit from the climate condition such as dry,cold,windy and glacier.Also the uplift and the subsequent glaciations influenced the evolution and distribution pattern of the component fauna.The low percentages of endemic species,26 ％among mammals and 4.5 ％among birds,have led to the hypothesis that the plateau fauna is not very ancient,and is still changing as a result of recent glaciation.