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Objective neutrophil infiltration Background The traditional Chinese medicine Tongxinluo can protect myocardium against chaemia/reperfusion injury,but the mechanism of its action is not well documented.We examined the involvement of nitric oxide in theprotective role of Tongxinluo.Methods Miniswine were randomized to four groups of seven:sham,control,Tongxinluo and Tongxinluo coadministration with a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor Nω-nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA,10 mg/kg i.v.).Three hours after administration of Tongxinluo,the animals were anaesthetised and the left anterior descending coronary artery ligated and maintained in situ for 90 minutes followed by 3 hours of reperfusion before death.Area of no reflow and necrosis and risk region were determined pathologically by planimetry.The degree of neutrophil accumulation in myocardium was obtained by measuring myeloperoxidase activity and histological analysis.Myocardial endothelial nitric oxide synthase activity and vascular endothelial cadherin content were measured by colorimetric method and immunoblotting analysis respectively.