Hypoxia plays an important role in physiological as well as patho-physiological processes.Intermittent hypoxia (IH), generally defined as repeated episodes of hypoxia interspersed with normoxic periods, have been found to prevent permanent damage and to have a protective role in the CNS following brain injury.In the recent years, IH have always been used as a method for training pilots, mountaineers and athletes, and even been applied as treatment and prevention of hypertension, ischemic coronary artery diseases.Neurogenesis continuously exists throughout adulthood in the subgranular zone (SGZ) of the mammalian dentate gyrus, which is dynamic and multistep process involving proliferation of precursor cells, their differentiation into lineage-restricted immature neurons, and the progressive maturation of these newborn cells into fully functional and integrated neurons.