The uniaxial compression tests of horizontal and vertical samples were conducted at different temperature and strain rate,on first-year freshwater ice in a reservoir.An electronic all-powerful experiment machine equipped with low temperature environmental chamber was used.The results showed that no difference was found between the strengths of the horizontal samples corresponding to the ranges of 1 to 4 mm and 4 to 14 mm grain size,respectively; the strengths of vertical samples in the range of 1 to 4mm grain size were 1.4 times higher than those of vertical samples in the range of 4 to 14mm.For different loading directions,the strengths of horizontal and vertical samples within the range of 1 to 4 mm grain size were comparable; similarly,the strengths of horizontal samples did not differ from those of the vertical samples,both within the range of 4 to 14 mm grain size.The relation among the uniaxial compressive strength,strain rate and temperature was established by the data analysis in both the ductile and brittle regions.