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Background Some recent studies report associations between phthalate exposure and asthma and rhinitis in pre-school children but there are few studies on respiratory effects of phthalate exposure in adults.One cross-sectional study from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Study (NHANES Ⅲ) found associations between monoetyl phthalate (MEB) and monobutyl phthalate (MBP) in urine and lung function in adults (Hoppin et al., 2004).